Angleško ime: Polypropylene
Okrajšava: PP,
Termoplastična smola, pridobljena s polimerizacijo propilena. Obstajajo tri konfiguracije izotaktične, naključne in sindiotaktične, industrijski izdelki pa so v glavnem sestavljeni iz izotaktičnih. Polipropilen vključuje tudi kopolimere propilena z majhnimi količinami etilena. Običajno prosojna brezbarvna trdna snov, brez vonja in netoksična. Zaradi pravilne strukture in visoke kristalizacije je tališče do 167 stopinj C, toplotna odpornost, izdelke pa je mogoče sterilizirati s paro, kar so njegove izjemne prednosti. Z gostoto 0,90 g/cm3 je najlažja splošna-plastika. Korozijska odpornost, natezna trdnost 30MPa, trdnost, togost in preglednost so boljši od polietilena. Pomanjkljivost je, da ima slabo odpornost na udarce pri nizkih temperaturah in se zlahka stara, vendar jo je mogoče premagati z modifikacijo in dodatkom antioksidantov.
Lastnosti:
Ne-netoksični, brez vonja, nizke gostote, trdnosti, togosti, trdote in toplotne odpornosti so boljši od nizkotlačnega polietilena, lahko se uporablja pri približno 100 stopinjah. Ima dobre električne lastnosti in visokofrekvenčno izolacijo, na katero ne vpliva vlaga, vendar postane krhek pri nizki temperaturi, ni odporen na obrabo-, lahko se stara. Primerno za izdelavo splošnih mehanskih delov, proti koroziji-odpornih delov in izolacijskih delov. Običajna kislinska in alkalna organska topila nanj malo vplivajo in se lahko uporabljajo za namizno posodo.
način izdelave:
①Slurry method. Polymerization in a diluent such as hexane is the earliest industrialized and by far the most productive method. ② liquid phase bulk method. Polymerization was carried out in liquid propylene at 70 degree and 3MPa. ③ gas phase method. The polymerization is carried out under the condition that the propylene is in the gaseous state. The latter two methods do not use diluent, the process is short, and the energy consumption is low. Liquid bulk methods have now shown the advantage of coming later.
Značilnosti oblikovanja:
1. Kristaliničen material, nizka higroskopnost, enostaven za taljenje in lomljenje ter enostaven za razgradnjo po dolgotrajnem-stiku z vročo kovino.
2. Pretočnost je dobra, vendar sta obseg krčenja in vrednost krčenja velika, zato se lahko pojavijo luknje, vdolbine in deformacije.
3. Hitrost hlajenja je hitra, sistem za vlivanje in hladilni sistem naj počasi odvajata toploto in bodite pozorni na nadzor temperature oblikovanja. Enostavno se je orientirati, ko je temperatura materiala nizka in visok tlak. Ko je temperatura kalupa nižja od 50 stopinj, plastični deli niso gladki, zato je enostavno ustvariti slabo varjenje in oznake pretoka. Deformacija osnove se zlahka pojavi nad 90 stopinj
4. Debelina plastične stene mora biti enotna, da se izognemo pomanjkanju lepila in ostrim kotom, da preprečimo koncentracijo napetosti.
uporaba
Biaksialno orientirana polipropilenska folija
Packaging materials occupy an extremely important position in plastic products. According to statistics, the world's plastics used in packaging account for about 35 percent of the total plastic consumption. my country's packaging plastics have developed rapidly, and the output has rapidly increased from 190,000 tons in 1980 to 4.65 million tons in 2003. It is expected to exceed 5.5 million tons in 2005, 7 million tons in 2010, and 9 million tons in 2015, accounting for about 5.5 million tons in 2010. More than 13 percent of the country's total packaging output.
From the product point of view, packaging films account for more than 50 percent of the total packaging plastics. my country's biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film is one of the areas with the largest consumption of PP resin. In 2003, there were 86 BOPP production enterprises (123 production lines) in my country, with a total production capacity of about 1.4 million t/a. In 2004, it reached 200. 10,000 t/a (138 production lines), and the output will exceed 1 million t. In recent years, domestic enterprises have paid attention to improving the competitiveness of their products, and have successively introduced a number of advanced BOPP production equipment, which can produce films with a width of up to 8.3m and a line speed of up to 400500m/min. For example, Zhejiang Dadongnan Group introduced German Bruckner 6 10,000 t/a production line; Guofeng Group invested 200 million yuan to introduce a 35,000 t/a production line (currently the first in Asia and the fourth in the world with 10m wide BOPP equipment); Changzhou Wujin Jinshi Group introduced 20,000 t/a in Germany Five-layer co-extrusion high-strength and ultra-thin BOPP production line; Fujian Hyundai Group introduced a 25,000 t/a production line; Baoshuo Group plans to introduce a 100,000 t/a production line. According to my country's existing BOPP film production capacity, the annual demand for PP resin is nearly 2 million t. Therefore, attention should be paid to the development of PP special materials with high line speed, elongation and transparency for BOPP films, including supporting PP materials. , propylene copolymer to adapt to the newly introduced BOPP film equipment.
Modificiran polipropilen za avtomobile
In 2003, my country's automobile production was more than 4.4 million units, ranking fourth in the world, with a year-on-year increase of 36.6 percent . According to the US ESM WerWide report: "In 2008, China's automobile production will exceed 6 million vehicles, and in 2015, it will surpass Japan and become the second largest in the world".
The development of the automobile industry is inseparable from the process of automobile plasticization. At present, the self-sufficiency rate of engineering plastics in my country is less than 16 percent . According to the forecast of China Engineering Plastics Association, the demand growth rate of engineering plastics in my country in 2005 was 15 percent , and in 2010, it was about 10 percent , and the demand will increase from 440,000 tons in 2000 to 1.4 million tons in 2010. The demand for engineering plastics in my country's automobile manufacturing industry is growing rapidly, and the total consumption will reach 940,000 tons by 2010 (calculated by the amount of plastics accounting for 5 percent to 10 percent of the weight of the vehicle).
PP ima močno konkurenčnost v avtomobilski industriji, vendar ga zaradi nizkega modula in toplotne odpornosti ter slabe udarne trdnosti ni mogoče neposredno uporabiti kot avtomobilske dele. Modificirani PP izdelki, ki se uporabljajo v avtomobilih, so odporni na toplotno zmogljivost, ki se lahko poveča z 80 stopinj na 145 stopinj 150 stopinj, in lahko prenese visoko temperaturo 7501000 ur brez staranja in razpok. Po poročilih se lahko nova generacija polipropilenskih izdelkov HEHCPP z visoko orientacijsko kristalino, ki jih je lansirala Toyota Corporation iz Japonske, uporablja kot avtomobilske armaturne plošče in odbijače, kar lahko zmanjša stroške za 30 odstotkov v primerjavi s podobnimi izdelki, proizvedenimi s TPO kot surovinami. Modificiran PP se uporablja za avtomobile. Dodatki imajo zelo široke razvojne možnosti.
Polipropilen za gospodinjske aparate
In recent years, my country's household appliance industry has developed rapidly, with many varieties and large output. In 2003, my country produced 18.5 million refrigerators, 42 million air conditioners, 17 million washing machines, and 35 million microwave ovens. According to the "2004-2006 China Urban Home Theater Market Research and Consultation Report", it is expected that my country's home theater system market will reach 6.9 million units in the next three years. In addition, various small household appliances also have a huge potential market, which is an excellent business opportunity for modified PP. At present, some plastic raw material manufacturers in my country have developed special materials for washing machines, such as PP 1947 series, K7726 series, etc., which are welcomed by washing machine manufacturers. Therefore, in the next few years, the development of PP special materials for household appliances should be increased to meet the changing needs of the market.
Polipropilen za cevi.
Leta 2003 je skupna nacionalna proizvodnja plastičnih cevi presegla 1,8 milijona ton, kar je 23-odstotno letno-v-letno povečanje. V zgodnjih dneh so se PP cevi uporabljale predvsem kot kmetijske vodovodne cevi, vendar se trg ni uspel odpreti zaradi nekaterih težav pri delovanju zgodnjih izdelkov (udarna trdnost in slaba odpornost proti staranju). Z uvedbo tuje napredne tehnologije s strani Shanghai Plastic Building Materials Factory so na trgu prepoznane cevi za prenos hladne in tople vode, proizvedene iz uvoženih materialov PP-R. Trenutno so številni proizvajalci zgradili proizvodne linije za cevi PP-R, cena pa se je povečala tudi za 20,000-30.000 juanov/t cena v začetni fazi proizvodnje je še naprej upada, vendar je tržni delež PP-R cevi na trgu plastičnih cevi še vedno zelo nizek. Po poročilih še vedno obstaja določena vrzel med domačimi materiali PP-R in uvoženimi materiali, kakovost pa je treba izboljšati in izboljšati. Po poročilih je Južna Koreja razvila novo vrsto naključnega kopolimera polipropilena PP-R 112 za visokotlačne vodovodne cevi-. Cevi, ki jih proizvaja ta razred, se lahko uporabljajo 50 let pri ultravisokem tlaku 20 stopinj C in 11,2 MPa.
Plastic pipes are one of the key products for the promotion and application of chemical building materials in my country. The Ministry of Construction issued a "Notice on Strengthening the Production Management and Promotion and Application of Copolymerized Polypropylene (PP-R, PP-B) Pipes" in 2001, requiring relevant departments Work together to do a good job from raw materials, processing, quality to pipe use and installation, and strictly control the quality of PP pipes, so as to better do a good job in the production, application and promotion of PP pipes in my country.
Visoko prozoren polipropilen
With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, it will inevitably bring about different requirements and improvements in various aspects such as culture, entertainment, food, medical care, materials, and room decoration. Many items in the market are increasingly using transparent materials. Therefore, the development of transparent PP special materials is a good development trend, especially the PP special materials with high transparency, good fluidity and fast forming are required in order to be designed and processed into popular PP products. Transparent PP is more characteristic than ordinary PP, PVC, PET, PS, and has more advantages and development prospects.
In recent years, the foreign transparent PP market has grown rapidly. For example, South Korea's LG introduced transparent PP to the market as a substitute for PET; some German companies replaced PVC with transparent PP; the growth rate of transparent PP products in the United States was 7 percent higher than that of ordinary PP products. 9 percent ; In recent years, the annual consumption of PP nucleating transparent agent in Japan is about 2000t. If the addition amount is 0.25 percent , the annual output of transparent PP material in Japan can reach more than 800,000t. According to the introduction of Japan Physical and Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan's transparent PP special materials are used in microwave cookers and furniture with the largest consumption. It is estimated that the demand for transparent PP special materials in foreign markets in 2005 is about 5 million to 5.5 million tons. At present, there is a big gap between domestic transparent PP special materials and foreign countries, and the production and application of transparent PP resin and its products still need to be strengthened.
Polietilen PVC Polistiren Polipropilen Kakšna je razlika Polietilen PE
Ko je nepigmentiran, je mlečno bel, prosojen in voskast; izdelek je na dotik z roko gladek, prožen in prožen; lahko se rahlo raztegne. Na splošno je polietilen nizke{0}}mehkejši in ima boljšo prosojnost; polietilen visoke-gostote je trši.
Običajni izdelki: torbice, cevi za vodo, sodi za olje, steklenice za pijačo (steklenice s kalcijevim mlekom), dnevne potrebščine itd.
Polipropilen PP
Bela prosojna, voskasta, ko ni pigmentirana; lažji od polietilena. Prozornost je tudi boljša od polietilena in je trša od polietilena.
Pogosti izdelki: umivalniki, sodi, pohištvo, folije, tkane vrečke, pokrovčki za steklenice, avtomobilski odbijači itd.
polistiren PS
Prozoren, ko ni pigmentiran. Ko izdelek pade na tla ali udari, ima kovinski{0}}kot je čist zvok, dober lesk in prosojnost, podoben steklu, krhek in se zlahka zlomi, površino izdelka pa je mogoče opraskati z nohti. Modificiran polistiren je neprozoren.
Običajni izdelki: pisalne potrebščine, skodelice, posode za hrano, lupine za gospodinjske aparate, električni dodatki itd.
PVC polivinilklorid
Naravna barva je svetlo rumena, prosojna in sijoča. Transparentnost je boljša kot pri polietilenu in polistirenu, vendar slabša kot pri polistirenu. Glede na odmerjanje dodatkov ga lahko razdelimo na mehki in trdi polivinilklorid. Mehki izdelki so prožni in prožni ter se počutijo lepljivi. Trdota trdih izdelkov je višja od trdote polietilena nizke{0}}gostote. , medtem ko nižje od polipropilena, se beljenje pojavi na pregibni točki.
Običajni izdelki: plošče, cevi, podplati, igrače, vrata in okna, žični ovoji, pisalne potrebščine itd.
polietilen tereftalat PET
Transparentnost je zelo dobra, trdnost in žilavost sta boljša kot pri polistirenu in polivinilkloridu in ni ga lahko zlomiti.
Pogosti izdelki: pogosto ustekleničite izdelke, kot so kola, steklenice mineralne vode itd.
